Practical note book work (Biostat)

Biostatistics:
"It deals with statistical methods or techniques to collect, analyze & present numerical data related to life "

Stages of Research:

1. Planning ( Setting an aim)
2. Designing
It involves designing of experimental & control group. Experimet group further are of twoo types e.g
1) with treatment 2) without treatment
3. Execution (Practical performance of design) :Take data on intervals.....per day or weekly
4. Analysis (apply biostatistic formulas)
5. Presentation (Type of graph application to data)
6. Publications (Through newspaper, impact journals etc )
Designing may be represented as in case of treatment of a disease by takink control of experimental group

• Body Weight
• Sr.no Controlled With Treatment Without Treatment
• 1 52 49 59
• 2 48 45 55
• 3 36 32 39
• 4 42 40 47

Types of Statistics:
1. Descriptive statistics
2. Inferential statistics
Descriptive statistics:
It involves tabulation of data, calculation of measures of centre tendency & calculation of measures' dispersion [less or greater than mean value]

Inferential statistics:
It deals with techniques which are used to prove certain hypothesis. It includes multiple tests.

Data:

Data is a set of observations.
classification of data :
on the basis of
1. source
2. expression
3.Reliability

Types of data:
On the basis of expression:
1. Categorical data
2. Numerical data
Categorical data:
e.g eye colour (it may be of many categories like black, blue, grey,brown, green)
It is further classified into :
1. Binomial category : present/ absent
2. Multinomial category : e.g hair colour
Numerical data:
It has some numerical value e.g height, age etc
it is further classified into :
1. Discrete data : consist of a whole number
2. Continuous data : expressed in fractions


Types of data:
On the basis of source:
1. Primary data
2. Secondary data
Primary data:
Researcher is involved by himself in collection, generation or recording data.
Secondary data:
Data collected by asking other people ,not gathered by researcher itself


Types of data:
On the basis of Reliability:
1.Biased
2.Unbaised
Biased Data:
There is error probability in such a data.
Unbiased Data:
Less error probabobility. not 100% accurate but free from detectable errors